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Messages - Josh

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76
LOL, just don't block Brother Stair.  Actually, I have noticed certain Russian KiwiSDR sites with dozens and dozens of masked frequencies. The only sense I could make of those is that they're manipulating SNR calculations.

As to 11175 being blocked, well... there's still 8992 and a few others.  There are better locations to listen from for the HFGCS / Nightwatch net. Try northern California, Idaho, Montana, and southern Alberta for nice reception -- and around Cape Cod in the eastern states. With good propagation, you can receive the white noise from the phone lines / satellite links to those ground stations.

What's amazing to me is russia allows kiwis in the first place, considering their soviet past. Never in a million years thought I'd see the day when anyone in the world can tune in to a sdr located in russia or warsaw pact country. Back in the day we had to ring them ruskiis with listening posts and pray for good conditions, now an hf rx in moscow be tuned by any browser anywhere on earth.

77
Equipment / Re: Best MWDX antenna?
« on: November 02, 2022, 2141 UTC »
Dunno if I mentioned this before, but a loop of wire tacked under the eaves, fed by coax, can make for a fine multiband (with transmatch) rx antenna, with a few caveats. First is in-house noise sources picked up by said loop, but this is often under the control of the listener such as turning off noisemakers. These antennae are very hardy as your house will have to be destroyed to take it down unintentionally, more or less. A transmatch (aka antenna tuner) will help wring most rf from this or any other antenna. Might not want to use it as a hf tx ant but that has and does take place.

78
Amateur Radio / Re: Project 756 Pro
« on: November 01, 2022, 0154 UTC »
So glad everyone is enjoying the project!



As to further mods to bespoke 756 Pro, well, the pro series are already about as effective on hf as can be desired with the simple addition of that cap that eliminates the rf getting into the nb circuit. That said, there are some relatively easy and inexpensive mods one can perform that should give worthwhile results.

I considered editing the fw for the dsp, such as adding a synch detection mode akin to that of the JRC NRD 545 - as it uses the same dsp so it has been done, but that would entail a bit of watching bits blow by an i2c port (or whatever they use to get the rom bits to the dsp) in both rigs, and I don't have a 545 to watch bits with. Shame of it all.
Maybe someday!

Anyway, closer to reality are filter upgrades.

The rf section employs several 455kc Murata ceramic filters, not to obtain a nicely filtered output but to "roofing filter" the input to the adc, sans bespoke filters there may be 20kc (or more) of raw unadulterated hf bw impinging upon the poor adc. With the filters you get, say, 10kc or less, making the adc much happier. But that nice filtration also involves a digital world tradeoff as filters of the ceramic variety, nay, many filters used in radio circuits, introduce group delay, something digital circuits like adcs are better left without. In the analog world IF filters can have loads of group delay and a human listening to the output of those same filters will hardly notice it, hence their use. In the digital world, however, they are drek.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanical_filter
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceramic_resonator
https://circuitcellar.com/research-design-hub/group-delay-basics-more-filter-fun/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaussian_filter
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filter_(signal_processing)#Quartz_filters_and_piezoelectrics

At issue is an analog filter designed for best group delay will be pretty nasty from a traditional IF bw filtering standpoint; the skirts are going to be wide and get wider the further down one goes to the noise floor, and the amplitude response will also be all over the place going from one skirt of the filter to the other. A given filter designed for steep skirts will have highest gd at the edges, while a filter designed for best gd will have flattish gd but a big nose of amplitude right in the middle of the passband - also something an adc doesn't want to have to deal with.
Digital devices like adcs and dsps do not tolerate any disorderliness in their inputs, they demand flat amplitude and phase but analog filters can't do both at the same time.

Murata, conveniently enough, made some 455kc ceramic filters that have improved group delay as their selling point and they aren't very expensive either compared to their standard ceramics, so that's nice. Some of these reduced gd gems were even in the parts bin from a previous project, so why not use them? Not only are they better with regards to group delay they're also better in other regards, such as 6/60dB ratio (aka shape factor), ultimate stopband as well as leakage, they even come in a shiny metal shield can whereas the stockers are just resonating/radiating in the open in a black plastic box! So that is a mod that can be done with just a simple one for one replacement, however some circuitry mod such as short coax jumpers might be needed as they're not exactly pin for pin replacements.

Yet another mod, and this one is very easy as it is pin for pin replacement of standard parts, is a nb improvement.
Decades ago I had International Radio in Florida mod a Icom 751 to my specs, and it turned out swimmingly!
PIN diodes were used in the lower portion of the front end filters (reduces imd compared to PN diodes in the same spot) and Schottky diodes were used in the nb area. The nb circuit went from one where activating it with any but the weakest signals present would greatly distort the rx signal..... to one where during a local t storm you could turn the nb knob all the way up and literally make the lightning crashes disappear, and leave the underlying signals -loud or weak- undistorted.
It was an epiphany!
I'd love to have that nb in the 756 Pro, wich sadly is very lacking in the nb performance area, distorting most any signal when the nb is acting on a pulse.

To be honest I don't recall if Schottkys or PIN types where used in the nb H pad, but it was one or the other and I still have some of both on hand in the parts bin. What I figure is taking place when nb is activated and signals are being distorted, the sigs are being "semi rectified" by the pulse activated diodes, my guess is in the transition between fully on and fully off of the nb diodes during the nb pulse. Noise blanker diodes installed at the factory are in almost all cases simple PN types because they're cheap, not Schottkys or PINs wich are pricey. The good thing is most analog nb circuits are a simple H pad in any given hf rx; a few diodes activated by an pulse detector (usually a diode) and it looks like Icom copy/pasted the same nb design from the early days of Icom hf rigs to at least the Pro series.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schottky_diode
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PIN_diode
(fun fact; the common 1N4007 diode has a PIN-like structure)
Now for some testing!

So that's where Project 756 Pro stands today.

79
Utility / Re: HFGCS ALE Log
« on: November 01, 2022, 0036 UTC »
Iono who dorm is but nw1 usually means Nightwatch 01;
https://tacairnet.com/2017/03/02/nightwatch-the-air-forces-doomsday-jet/
https://militaryanalizer.com/e-4-nightwatch/

Here's some more dated info on the craft with regard to our hobby;
https://xoomer.virgilio.it/ham-radio-manuals/scanning/Government_and_Military_Frequency.html
The zulu net still exists but is seldom used or referenced ota.

80
MW Loggings / Re: 3WM 1089 Horsham, Victoria, Australia
« on: November 01, 2022, 0015 UTC »
Noice!

81
Amateur Radio / Project 756 Pro
« on: October 26, 2022, 2158 UTC »
Perusing QTH one day a few weeks ago, an advert touted a bespoke IC-756 PRO hf rig at a tantalising price. Sad to say it was spoken for, listed as sale pending, I pm'd the proprietor and asked to be put on "the list" if the deal fell through. Needless to say the deal fell through and a very clean almost new looking 756 Pro made its way to new ownership.
Total cost with shipping was $360 USD. Even if the tx section was gone forever the Pro series make for outstanding rx rigs, plus they have that neat fish finder! So $360 for a rig with a fish finder and the same dsp chip as the illustrious JRC NRD 545 was, to put it bluntly, a steal.

It seems this rig as delivered indeed had tx issues, and I immediately recalled similar issues with other Icom rigs from past experience, particularly the 746 series. Sad to say the same issue also affects the 756 Pro series. To wit, static or rf can impinge upon the rx grounding silicon innards (activated when in tx mode) and eat them. They're in line when the rig is off, and when an antenna is connected anything coming down that antenna can pop the doodads, due to the Icom's rx/tx switching scheme. After testing (apply rx max attenuation via the front panel button and if the tx is good with the rx attenuator enabled, well, you have the disease) this rig def had "the disease".

This is a link to a fix of the malady;
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EPnglEOLChE

So the rf section in question was investigated and bad diodes and a transistor were noted and replaced. In this condition the receiver section is active during tx and puts all sorts of garbage into the tx signal, it also attenuates the rx signal. This repair fixed the tx howling issue. Note the component placement and road map of the Pro differs slightly from the Pro 3 but you can figure it out as they do the same job. Enough about that, done and done, sorted.

But wait!

The original Pro flavour (subsequently remedied in the Pro2 and later rigs) was designed with another malady that often went unnoticed! Some early adopters of the OG (Original Gansta) Pro noted a weak audio trace of band activity present below the much stronger audio as delivered by the filter setting. In my case the rig would have several kc of the band tuned to present in the audio, this is best heard via headphone but it was present and hard to ignore once you knew what it was. There is a well founded fix for this;
"Correcting the IC756Pro Noise Blanker Drive-Signal Leakage Problem"
https://www.ab4oj.com/icom/756pro_nb/main.html
HA HA! Listen to the rumble! HA HA!

This is a simple fix consisting of a single lytic cap, and the dif is night and day, seriously. Once modded the rig has none, nada, zilch, zero, null, of the garbage present in the audio all the unmodded rigs have. Enough about that, done and done, sorted.

Then on to some mods to enhance longevity of Project 756 PRO.
The inputs of most modern hf rigs have some form of impulse suppression, a gas discharge thingy or two, most commonly the input to the rx section, and the PRO has such, but what about the dual UHF socket inputs? No protection offered to the tx section at those menacing sockets, so some gdts (gas discharge thingy) good for a bit over 100w were placed across the UHF sockets; center terminal to nearby ground.
https://www.littelfuse.com/products/gas-discharge-tubes/low-to-medium-surge-gdt.aspx
Enough about that, done and done, sorted.

Ok but what about the 12v dc input?
What about that?
What if the psu goes wild and delivers 20v or more?!?
Well, for that you employ a mov, a metal oxide varistor, a resistor that changes resistance when confronted by a voltage over a certain set value;
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varistor
I selected a 20v mov for that duty and now the PRO is about as well protected from external threats as can be cheaply afforded. Enough about that, done and done, sorted.


So in summary here we are with a running Icom IC-756 Pro on the cheap, and as you might have suspected, more mods are forthcoming!

82
Amateur Radio / Re: Xiegu G90
« on: October 26, 2022, 2114 UTC »
New fw out for g90, fixes many ills;
http://www.cqxiegu.com/filedownload/91358

83
You don't want to know and if you did you'd wish you didn't.



:D

84
Utility / Re: CIS Navy on HF
« on: October 10, 2022, 2332 UTC »
You mean the Bob Lazar who is with the Galactic Space Police Brotherhood?!?

85
Utility / Re: RMKW 6290 CW 1806 UTC 10 Oct 2022
« on: October 10, 2022, 2327 UTC »
All I have is RMKW is with the Black Sea fleet and is commonly in contact with RCV, Fleet HQ, Sevastopol.

86
Utility / Re: Have the EAM's gone MIA?
« on: October 10, 2022, 2324 UTC »
The upcoming exercise will be a hoot.

87
Utility / Re: CIS Navy on HF
« on: September 28, 2022, 2330 UTC »
They're possibly testing their humanitarian nuclear armed and nuclear powered cruise missile, Burevestnik,  you know the one that covers the ground it flies over with, oh, I dunno, cobalt 60 or whatever. Their track record's not so good right now as a previous test blew up on the launch pad making geiger counters in the eu angry.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/9M730_Burevestnik

Or mebbe one of these as they can be launched by naval aircraft;
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kh-47M2_Kinzhal
Ukraine found one intact, it likely ended up at some cia lab along with all the other cool doodads Russia leaves behind.

88
Punk track by om into promo, -110dB @ 2250Z 28SEP22

89
Utility / Re: CIS Navy on HF
« on: September 15, 2022, 1610 UTC »
12464 1733Z 30AUG21
Lots of weak/unreadable cw for a time, then settles into a 4 second dash every 25 secs till los an hour or more later, think last time this dash every 25 secs took place they were testing a missile so mebbe another test launch.

same as above ongoing @ 1600Z 15SEP22

90
Equipment / Re: SWL antenna: Higher but shorter or longer but lower?
« on: September 14, 2022, 0019 UTC »
I doubt a few feet higher is going to make any noticeable diff in hf work, going longer means more rf is collected and delivered to the rx. That said, if you could put a vertical up that would be a nice addition as oftentimes sigs are better on one polarisation than the other, especially at fade in/out.

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